Document Type

Article

Publication Date

8-15-2023

Abstract

Groundwater depletion is one of the serious geo-environmental issues causing ground subsidence, which damage buildings, infrastructures and causes loss of life. The quantitative and qualitative evaluation of groundwater variability requires multiple approaches to measure hydraulic head level and geodetic deformation. In this study, we have made efforts to integrate multiple hierarchical space-borne data, including Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), Sentinel-1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), geological and hydrological data, to quantify subsidence in Chandigarh city and its surroundings. First, we conducted New-Small BAseline Subsets (NSBAS) and pointwise persistent scatterer (PS) InSAR techniques in parallel, using three-years Sentinel-1 data showing a vertical subsidence up to 120 mm/year around fluvial sediment deposits. Further, correlation analysis of hydraulic/climatic measurements clearly shows the subsidence associated with the groundwater depletion. The pattern of PS points shows the instability of structures associated with the ground subsidence over the central city areas. The monumental architectures designed by Le Corbusier in the northern sectors are outside of the main subsidence area. In the target area, the magnitude of subsidence and surface deformation due to groundwater depletion depending on the subsurface geophysical environment and the anthropogenic activities within the region and surroundings. The results provided a case of monitoring scheme using multi-resolution satellite data about the subsidence and associated consequences due to groundwater depletion.

Comments

This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing in 2023 following peer review. This article may not exactly replicate the final published version. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available online at https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3305863.

Copyright

© 2023 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.

Available for download on Friday, August 15, 2025

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