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Description
Exosomes, released by cells, are small vesicles that have emerged as critical theranostic tools in breast cancer due to their unique ability to transport diverse biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs, including microRNAs (ExomiRs). These vesicles are critical in modulating the tumor microenvironment, driving processes like cancer proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Exosomal microRNAs such as ExomiR-21, ExomiR-1246, and ExomiR-155, with their profound influence on the gene expressions in the recipient cells, are the unsung heroes in tumor progression and immune modulation. This chapter delves into exosome's dual diagnostic and therapeutic potential in breast cancer. It highlights their role as noninvasive biomarkers for early cancer detection, providing reassurance and confidence in their potential and application in personalized treatments. Furthermore, cross-biological barriers make them ideal candidates for targeted drug delivery systems, offering new avenues to overcome drug resistance. The chapter also explores the latest advancements in exosome-mediated gene therapy, such as using engineered exosomes to deliver therapeutic genes. It discusses how exosome cargo, beyond microRNAs, contributes to cancer progression and immune evasion. Finally, the chapter addresses the current challenges in exosome research, including standardization and clinical translation issues, and examines the future potential of exosome-based personalized therapies. Focusing on their theranostic capabilities, this exploration positions exosomes as a transformative force in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, instilling hope and optimism about the future of cancer care, particularly in precision medicine.
ISBN
9781003611509
Publication Date
2025
Publisher
CRC Press
City
Boca Raton
Keywords
Breast cancer, Diagnostic biomarkers, drug delivery, ExomiRs, exosomes, gene therapy, metastasis, microenvironment, theranostics, tumor
Disciplines
Cell Anatomy | Cell Biology | Diagnosis | Oncology | Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment | Other Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences | Therapeutics
Recommended Citation
Sajid MI, Bukhari S, Ilyas H, et al. Exosomes and encapsulated ExomiRs in breast cancer: Theragnostic applications and clinical implications . In: Haider KH, ed. Handbook of Regenerative Medicine: Cell-Free Therapy Approach. CRC Press; 2025.
Copyright
Taylor & Francis
Included in
Cell Anatomy Commons, Cell Biology Commons, Diagnosis Commons, Oncology Commons, Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons, Other Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons, Therapeutics Commons
Comments
This is an Accepted Manuscript version of a chapter accepted for publication in Handbook of Regenerative Medicine: Cell-Free Therapy Approach in 2025.