Adolescent Use and Co-use of Tobacco and Cannabis in California: The Roles of Local Policy and Density of Tobacco, Vape, and Cannabis Retailers Around Schools

Authors

Georgiana Bostean, Chapman UniversityFollow
Anton M. Palma, University of California, Irvine
Alison A. Padon, Public Health Institute
Erik Linstead, Chapman UniversityFollow
Joni Ricks-Oddie, University of California, Irvine
Jason A. Douglas, Chapman UniversityFollow
Jennifer B. Unger, University of Southern California

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-7-2023

Abstract

Adolescent tobacco use (particularly vaping) and co-use of cannabis and tobacco have increased, leading some jurisdictions to implement policies intended to reduce youth access to these products; however, their impacts remain unclear. We examine associations between local policy, density of tobacco, vape, and cannabis retailers around schools, and adolescent use and co-use of tobacco/vape and cannabis.

We combined 2018 statewide California (US) data on: (a) jurisdiction-level policies related to tobacco and cannabis retail environments, (b) jurisdiction-level sociodemographic composition, (c) retailer locations (tobacco, vape, and cannabis shops), and (d) survey data on 534,176 middle and high school students (California Healthy Kids Survey). Structural equation models examined how local policies and retailer density near schools are associated with frequency of past 30-day cigarette smoking or vaping, cannabis use, and co-use of tobacco/vape and cannabis, controlling for jurisdiction-, school-, and individual-level confounders.

Stricter retail environment policies were associated with lower odds of past-month use of tobacco/vape, cannabis, and co-use of tobacco/vape and cannabis. Stronger tobacco/vape policies were associated with higher tobacco/vape retailer density near schools, while stronger cannabis policies and overall policy strength (tobacco/vape and cannabis combined) were associated with lower cannabis and combined retailer densities (summed tobacco/vape and cannabis), respectively. Tobacco/vape shop density near schools was positively associated with tobacco/vape use odds, as was summed retailer density near schools and co-use of tobacco, cannabis.

Considering jurisdiction-level tobacco and cannabis control policies are associated with adolescent use of these substances, policymakers may proactively leverage such policies to curb youth tobacco and cannabis use.

Comments

This article was originally published in Preventive Medicine Reports, volume 33, in 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102198

Recommended Citation

Bostean, G., Palma, A. M., Padon, A. A., Linstead, E., Ricks-Oddie, J., Douglas, J. A., & Unger, J. B. (2023). Adolescent use and co-use of tobacco and cannabis in California: The roles of local policy and density of tobacco, vape, and cannabis retailers around schools. Preventive Medicine Reports, 33, 102198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102198

Peer Reviewed

1

Copyright

The authors

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.