Prenatal Programming of Neurodevelopment: Structural and Functional Changes

Prenatal Programming of Neurodevelopment: Structural and Functional Changes

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Description

Prenatal maternal stress is highly prevalent and predicts many child psychopathologies. Here, we apply the fetal programming hypothesis as an organizational framework to address the possibility that exposure to maternal stress during pregnancy affects fetal neurodevelopmental pathways that enhance risk for subsequent psychopathology. This chapter evaluates the empirical literature assessing the ontogenetic influences of prenatal maternal stress on child brain maturation. We conducted a systematic review investigating prenatal stress broadly defined and any direct measure of brain development including electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP), structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Lastly, we propose the following areas as promising avenues of future research to further elucidate the underlying etiology of such findings: investigation of sex/gender specific mechanisms, genetic interactions, pre- and postnatal effects, and opportunities for intervention.

ISBN

978-3-030-60159-1

Publication Date

4-20-2021

Publisher

Springer

City

Cham, Switzerland

Keywords

Prenatal depression, Prenatal anxiety, Fetal programming, Neuroimaging, MRI, DTI, EEG, ERP, Immune, Cortisol

Disciplines

Child Psychology | Maternal and Child Health | Other Psychiatry and Psychology | Psychological Phenomena and Processes

Comments

In Ashley Wazana, Eszter Székely, and Tim F. Oberlander (Eds.), Prenatal Stress and Child Development.

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Copyright

Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021

Prenatal Programming of Neurodevelopment: Structural and Functional Changes

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