Early Host Defense Against Virus Infections

Authors

Søren R. Paludan, Aarhus University
Thomas Pradeu, Chapman UniversityFollow
Andreas Pichlmair, Aarhus University
K. Brad Wray, Aarhus University
Jacob Giehm Mikkelsen, Aarhus University
David Olagnier, Aarhus University
Trine H. Mogensen, Aarhus University

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-13-2024

Abstract

Early host defense eliminates many viruses before infections are established while clearing others so they remain subclinical or cause only mild disease. The field of immunology has been shaped by broad concepts, including the pattern recognition theory that currently dominates innate immunology. Focusing on early host responses to virus infections, we analyze the literature to build a working hypothesis for the principles that govern the early line of cellular antiviral defense. Aiming to ultimately arrive at a criteria-based theory with strong explanatory power, we propose that both controlling infection and limiting inflammation are key drivers for the early cellular antiviral response. This response, which we suggest is exerted by a set of “microbe- and inflammation-restricting mechanisms,” directly restrict viral replication while also counteracting inflammation. Exploring the mechanisms and physiological importance of the early layer of cellular antiviral defense may open further lines of research in immunology.

Comments

This article was originally published in Cell Reports, volume 43, issue 12, in 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115070

Recommended Citation

Paludan, S. R., Pradeu, T., Pichlmair, A., Wray, K. B., Mikkelsen, J. G., Olagnier, D., & Mogensen, T. H. (2024). Early host defense against virus infections. Cell Reports 43,, 115070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115070

Peer Reviewed

1

Copyright

The authors

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.