Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2-25-2021
Abstract
Although stress is a strong risk factor for poor health, especially for women, it remains unclear how stress affects the key neurohormones cortisol and oxytocin, which influence stress-related risk and resilience. Whereas cortisol mediates energy mobilization during stress, oxytocin has anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, and analgesic effects that support social connection and survival across the lifespan. However, how these neurohormones interrelate and are associated with cognitive control of emotional information during stress remains unclear. To address these issues, we recruited 37 college-aged women (Mage = 19.19, SD = 1.58) and randomly assigned each to a one-hour experimental session consisting of either an acute stress (emotionally stressful video) or control (non-stressful video) condition in a cross-sectional manner across the semester. Salivary cortisol and oxytocin samples were collected at baseline and after the video, at which point participants also completed measures assessing affect and an emotional Stroop task. As hypothesized, the emotional stressor induced negative emotions that were associated with significant elevations in cortisol and faster Stroop reaction times. Moreover, higher baseline oxytocin predicted greater positive affect after the stressor and also better cognitive accuracy on the Stroop. Analyses examining the naturalistic stress effects revealed that basal oxytocin levels rose steeply three weeks before the semester’s end, followed by rising cortisol levels one week later, with both neurohormones remaining elevated through the very stressful final exam period. Considered together, these data suggest that women’s collective experiences of stress may be potentially buffered by a synchronous oxytocin surge that enhances cognitive accuracy and reduces stress “when the going gets tough”.
Recommended Citation
Shari Young Kuchenbecker, Sarah D. Pressman, Jared Celniker, Karen M. Grewen, Kenneth D. Sumida, Naveen Jonathan, Brendan Everett & George M. Slavich (2021) Oxytocin, cortisol, and cognitive control during acute and naturalistic stress, Stress, 24:4, 370-383, https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.1876658
Peer Reviewed
1
Copyright
Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Included in
Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists Commons, Other Mental and Social Health Commons, Psychiatric and Mental Health Commons, Psychological Phenomena and Processes Commons, Women's Health Commons
Comments
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Stress, volume 24, issue 4, in 2021, available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.1876658. It may differ slightly from the final version of record.