Document Type
Article
Publication Date
8-2-2016
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) continue to pose a global threat. Waterfowl are the main reservoir and are responsible for the spillover of AIVs to other hosts. This study was conducted as part of routine surveillance activities in Bangladesh and it reports on the serological and molecular detection of H5N1 AIV subtype. A total of 2169 cloacal and 2191 oropharyngeal swabs as well as 1725 sera samples were collected from live birds including duck and chicken in different locations in Bangladesh between the years of 2013 and 2014. Samples were tested using virus isolation, serological tests and molecular methods of RT-PCR. Influenza A viruses were detected using reverse transcription PCR targeting the virus matrix (M) gene in 41/4360 (0.94%) samples including both cloacal and oropharyngeal swab samples, 31 of which were subtyped as H5N1 using subtype-specific primers. Twenty-one live H5N1 virus isolates were recovered from those 31 samples. Screening of 1,868 blood samples collected from the same birds using H5-specific ELISA identified 545/1603 (34%) positive samples. Disconcertingly, an analysis of 221 serum samples collected from vaccinated layer chicken in four districts revealed that only 18 samples (8.1%) were seropositive for anti H5 antibodies, compared to unvaccinated birds (n = 105), where 8 samples (7.6%) were seropositive. Our result indicates that the vaccination program as currently implemented should be reviewed and updated. In addition, surveillance programs are crucial for monitoring the efficacy of the current poultry vaccinations programs, and to monitor the circulating AIV strains and emergence of AIV subtypes in Bangladesh.
Recommended Citation
Ansari, W.K., Parvej, M.S., El Zowalaty, M.E., Jackson, S., Bustin, S.A., Ibrahim, A.K., El Zowalaty, A.E., Rahman, M.T., Zhang, H., Khan, M.F.R., Ahamed, M.M., Rahman, M.F., Rahman, M., Nazir, K.H.M.N.H., Ahmed, S., Hossen, M.L., Kafi, M.A., Yamage, M., Debnath, N.C., Ahmed, G., Ashour, H.M., Masudur Rahman, M., Noreddin, A., Rahman, M.B., 2016. Surveillance, epidemiological, and virological detection of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses in duck and poultry from Bangladesh. Veterinary Microbiology, 193, 49–59. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.07.025
Copyright
Elsevier
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.
Included in
Animal Diseases Commons, Animals Commons, Chemicals and Drugs Commons, Clinical Epidemiology Commons, Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons, Environmental Public Health Commons, Epidemiology Commons, Health and Medical Administration Commons, Health Services Research Commons, Influenza Humans Commons, Influenza Virus Vaccines Commons, International Public Health Commons, Investigative Techniques Commons, Medical Biochemistry Commons, Medical Immunology Commons, Medical Pharmacology Commons, Other Public Health Commons, Other Veterinary Medicine Commons, Poultry or Avian Science Commons, Preventive Medicine Commons, Public Health Education and Promotion Commons, Veterinary Infectious Diseases Commons, Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology Commons, Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health Commons, Virus Diseases Commons, Viruses Commons
Comments
NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Veterinary Microbiology. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Veterinary Microbiology, volume 193, in 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.07.025
The Creative Commons license below applies only to this version of the article.